Organizational Theory - 671 Words

Organizational Theory Angele Muhammad February 5, 2014 Assistant Professor Darren Gil Southern University at New Orleans Abstract I will discuss the basis of an organizational theory as it applies to the criminal justice system. I am discussing and giving a clear understanding of the criminal justice system as an organization of a bureaucratic management system with hierarchies and processes of inputs, processes, and outputs within one aspect of the criminal justice system i.e. police, within one city. I will also discuss how New Orleans Police Department was created throughout history and what organizational theory has been implemented. This is a brief history of the New Orleans Police Department and why a bureaucratic†¦show more content†¦After being admitted into the Union, New Orleans created a police force organization that resembled a small army. The main reason for this type of policing was to control the slave populations that outnumbered the white population. Throughout the years the police force evolved and the New Orleans Police Department was created in 1852. This allowed for a consolidation of independent police jurisdiction and was apart of a reform of all city government levels. To create an atmosphere of internal honesty a hierarchy was put in place to hold employees accountable and to crack down on local offenders of the law. This organizational structure added to the control of employees and held the hierarchy accountable. With the control, clear policy and procedures and consistency in organizing rules it helped the police department to fashion a bureaucracy in action. Conclusion The Organizational theory of Bureaucracy management as explained by Webber, creates controls of internal accountability that has levels of supervisory control. This is one aspect that to aid in the processes of inputs and outputs that streamline the process from one criminal justice sector to another. The New Orleans Police Department is an example of bureaucracy as an organizational theory. As theShow MoreRelatedOrganizational Theory Of Organizational Management1488 Words   |  6 PagesOrganizational theory studies the various variables that influence the behavior of an individual(s) working within an organization, but also, â€Å"prescribes how work and workers ought to be organized and attempts to explain the actual consequences of organizational behavior (including individual actions) on work being performed and on the organization itself.† (Milakovich Gordon, 2013, p.145). Of the many approaches to organizational analysis, Classical Organizational theory has been, eve n to thisRead MoreEssay on Organizational Theory881 Words   |  4 Pagesof various organization theories and their development from the perspective of legitimacy and efficacy; to evaluate selected discussions regarding theory development and various theories; to encourage the use of evidence based theory development and to provide a look into the model and related theories that are created after looking at the existing theories. While not rejecting the need for thorough testing of theories, I am simply looking into the suggestion of theories and models for their worthRead MoreOrganizational Theory Essay1553 Words   |  7 PagesAndrea K. Rivers ORG6503 : Organizational Theories amp; System Instructor: Kathleen Henry September 24, 2011 Introduction The owner of Creative Colors has taking my advice regarding restructuring and downsizing the company. The organization is now operating much more efficiently and has seen revenues begin to climb in its retail stores. With the improving economic climate in the region and the growing strength of the U.S. dollar compared to the Canadian dollar, the owner now sees an opportunityRead MoreThe Theory Of Organizational Change1450 Words   |  6 Pageseducate their employees in understanding and supporting change. Taking both organizational and employee perspectives into account, Armenakis and Bedeian (1999) have reviewed major research publications on the theory of organizational change from 1987 to 1999. To set a basis for selecting from the vast number of the available material, their study was concentrated on those researches focusing on the fundamentals of organizational change dynamics. The researchers acknowledge the effect of the extent ofRead MoreComparing the Modern Organizational Theory and Improvisation Essay1126 Words   |  5 PagesOrganization theory deals with the formal structure, internal working, and external environment of complex human behavior within organizations. As a field spanning several disciplines, it prescribes how work and workers out to be organized and attempts to explain the actual consequences of organizational behavior (including individual behavior) on work done and on the organization itself.(Gordon and Milkavoich, 147) It has been evolving for centurie s on how should work be done in the public administrationRead MoreOrganizational Theory and Practice3050 Words   |  13 PagesOrganizational Theory Practice Introduction Previously people were less interested in an organizational culture. Cultural perspectives were not really important. When it comes to cultural change, leaders used to take an action at the end, at the time where company was facing bankruptcy, and they were not succeeded. Unlike now, culture is significantly important aspect in an organization. It shapes how people think and behave. Once an employee gets hired, firstly he or she tries to identify existingRead More organizational theory Essay2283 Words   |  10 PagesManagement.† (Internet) This is where the Human Relations School steps in. Its primary focus is the importance of attitudes and feelings of workers, while informal roles and norms influence performance. â€Å"At the most general level, human relations theory views humans as social creatures who have a need and desire for communication and interaction.† (Internet) Numerous studies have been conducted over the years trying to come up with the most efficient f orm of workplace management. The most famousRead MoreThe Neoclassical Organizational Theory Essay633 Words   |  3 PagesThe neoclassical organizational theory, which evolved as a reaction to the rigid, authoritarian structure of the classical organizational theory, focuses on the importance of human relations and behavior in the workplace (Docherty et al., 2001). According to the classical organizational theory, there is a single best method to designing an organization. Based on this theory, a manager must have close control over their subordinates, resulting in an organization with tall hierarchies and a narrowRead MoreOrganizational Theory Multiple Perspectives1514 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction In order to have a better understanding of organization theory, organizational phenomena should be studied in different ways. Different ways of thinking produce different perspectives which come to different concepts and theories. In this essay, multiple perspectives which are modern, symbolic-interpretive and post-modern will be defined. By examine the assumptions, which are ontology and epistemology underlying each of these perspectives, they can be compared. Also, how these perspectivesRead MoreExamples Of Neoclassical Organizational Theory909 Words   |  4 Pagesperspectives that moved away from the mechanistic views of classical organizational theory in which human beings act as different parts to that machine to an approach that attempts to account for internal and external environments. This multi-dimension approach is considered an intellectual merger of most prior schools of thought beginning with neoclassical. Neoclassical organizational theory, a modified version of the classical organizational theory was developed at the end of WWII through the 1950s as neoclassical

China And The United States Ethics Of Sanctions - 1191 Words

Introduction Ethics of sanction are punishment countries implement to take care of people when they break the rule given them. Laws are necessary to keep people in line and prevent criminals from harming innocent individuals. Different country have different laws, some countries have greater consequences when one breaks the laws. China and United states have different laws and punishment for breaking specific regulations, usually the greater the crime the greater the sanctions. In the united states circumstances such as age, and criminal corporation determine greatly how much sentence a person get, similar circumstance occur in china age and criminal history also help determine one punishment. Sometimes these sanctions can be unfair and unethical, hence the reason why this essay will be focused on China and the United States ethics of sanctions. Discussion When a person commits a crime in China, the sanction is determined greatly by ones age. For instance when a person reaches fourteen years of age and commits an intentional homicide he or she has to bear criminal responsibility, different laws applies to the united states, when a fourteen years old kid intentionally kills someone he or she is tried as an adult. In China kids at the age of fourteen who commits a crime has a lighter mitigated punishment, however the kids in the United States have more severe punishments. Ethically China has done a the right thing to reduce the punishment given to kids, however, in theShow MoreRelatedMGMT 310 Unit 3 IP1098 Words   |  5 PagesDifferent customs, cultures, politics and laws are all serious considerations when embarking on an outsourcing path. For example the labor rate in countries like China and India are much less than countries such as the United States or Europe, however the work standards of these countries directly conflict with labor laws in the United States and Europe (Devonshire-Ellis, 2013). The acceptable cultural and ethical differences between companies as well as countries across the globe often conflict withRead MoreAn Example Of The Imf1621 Words   |  7 Pagesand IMF have achieved, both of these organizations have been subject to a great deal of criticism. The UN has often been criticized for being ineffective and biased. Sanctions are only effective if all countries follow them. The military force is rarely used and are usually ineffective. The UN is inadequately funded by the member states and a huge gap between the industrialized and developing countries remains. One of the greatest failures of the UN has most certainly been the genocide in Rwanda. InRead MoreThe Major Events Of The 20Th Century Were Characterized1612 Words   |  7 Pageseconomic ideologies and movements across many regions of the world. During this time in history, communism took root in many states where people took control of the economies in order to establish a communist society that was based on a social economic order that was structured upon common ownership of the means of production and elimination of social classes, money and the state (Kelz, 2016). This study examines the devastating experiences of wars, and totalitarianism of the 20thn century which includeRead MoreRegulation of the Internet1566 Words   |  6 Pagesfor example people are using the internet for criminal activity such as hacking into companies to steal credit card information and other data, then the government ought to be watching for that. Identity theft is a major issue not only in the Unite d States but throughout the world and law enforcement ought to be involved in protecting the citizens from this. As stated, pedophiles also use the internet either to acquire illicit images of children or to lure minors so that they can be abused (SpinelloRead MoreVolkswagen AG Automotive Company Essay1722 Words   |  7 PagesVolkswagen has continued to grow into a multinational corporation with production facilities in China, India, Latin America, Eastern Europe, Mexico, and The United States (Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft). Volkswagen also produces other brand name vehicles such as, Lamborghini, Audi, Bugatti, and Bentley (Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft). In order for a business to grow it must have worthy Business Ethics and Social Responsibility. It must be able to deal with Economic Challenges Facing ContemporaryRead MoreCulture Change at TAP Pharmaceuticals901 Words   |  4 Pagesof culture at TAP Pharmaceuticals and promote ethical behaviors across all functions and withi n all business units. Specifically, the alternative proposed include the following: (1) Add a legal department; (2) establish comprehensive compliance and ethics programs; (3) initiate a company code of conduct; (4) provide education for TAP employees; (5) articulate business practice expectations; and (6) implement a no tolerance policy. The Impact of Culture in International Business Interestingly,Read MoreThe United States1457 Words   |  6 Pages The United States has a below-average uncertainty avoidance score as people are not too much anxious about future uncertainties and risks, and many of the US laws rely upon the judges’ judgment. In addition, Americans tend to encourage innovative ideas and free expression. This type of culture determines that in auditing field, auditors need to use their professional judgment in many aspects of an audit. For example, when auditors are doing audit planning, they need to use their judgment to estimateRead MoreUnited States Of Americ World Health Organization1639 Words   |  7 PagesUnited States of America Faith Renteria LHHSMUN World Health Organization Multidrug-Resistant Diseases; Cloning I. Country Profile A. Government 1. Official Country Name: United States of America 2. Governmental System: Constitution-based Federal Republic 3. Head of State: Barack Obama 4. Official Language(s): No Official Language 5. Region: Allies/Blocs: EU Members, NATO Members, Western Bloc B. People 1. Population andRead MoreBusiness Regulations : The And The Free Zones2105 Words   |  9 Pagespolicy-making body of the central bank in Iran. Including the CBI Governor, two lawmakers, the dead of the chamber of commerce, the general prosecutor, economy and finance ministers are the members of the MCC. The Council is hugely controlled by the state. After approval of the annual budget for the government by the parliament, CBI is responsible for presenting yearly monetary and credit policy to the MCC. The Ministry of Cooperatives Labor and Social Welfare and the Supreme Labor Council are the mainRead MoreInternational Bribery Regulation And The Bribery Act 20101545 Words   |  7 Pages2.4 International Bribery Regulation and the Bribery Act 2010 2.4.1 Development of National and Transnational Ethics Regulations The development of national and international bribery legislation and regulation has been a slow process spanning many centuries, stemming from the recognition of Piracy as the first and true international crime (Duhaime’s Law Dictionary, 2015). Although wide agreement exists on the detrimental impacts of bribery and corrupt practices, many individual countries and transnational

Economy Monetary Policy and Read Ch. Free Essays

ASSIGNMENTS Weekly Point Values ASSIGNMENTS |Due |Points | |Individual (70%) | |   | |Fundamentals of Macroeconomics Paper |Week 2 |15 | |Federal Reserve Presentation |Week 4 |15 | |International Trade and Finance Speech |Week 5 |10 | |Final Examination |Week 5 |15 | |Participation (3 points/class) |All |15 | |Student End of Course Surveys (SEOCS) |Week 4-5 |– | |Learning Team (30%) | |   | |Learning Team Charter |Week 2 |– | |Weekly Reflection |Week 2 |3 | |Aggregate Demand and Supply Models |Week 3 |14 | |Weekly Reflection |Week 3 |3 | |Weekly Reflection |Week 4 |3 | |Fiscal Policy Paper |Week 5 |7 | |Learning Team Evaluation |Week 5 |– | |Total | |100 | |Week One: Fundamentals of Macroeconomics | | |Details |Due |Points | |Objectives |Explain the economic interaction of resources among households, government, and business. | | | | |Describe gross domestic product, inflation rate, unemployment rate, and interest rate. | | | |Identify sources of histori cal economic data and economic forecasts. We will write a custom essay sample on Economy: Monetary Policy and Read Ch. or any similar topic only for you Order Now | | | |Reading |Read Ch. 1 of Macroeconomics. | | | |Reading |Read Ch. 2 of Macroeconomics. | | | |Reading |Read Ch. 6 of Macroeconomics. | | | |Reading |Read Ch. 7 of Macroeconomics. | | | |Reading |Read Ch. 8 of Macroeconomics. | | | |Reading |Read this week’s Electronic Reserve Readings. | | |Participation |Participate in class discussion. |11/26/12 |3 | |Discussion Questions |Respond to weekly discussion questions. | | | |Week Two: Aggregate Demand and Supply Models | | |Details |Due |Points | |Objectives | | | | |Analyze the impact of various factors on aggregate demand and supply. | | | | |Evaluate the effectiveness of changes in fiscal policies using Keynesian and Classical | | | | |models. | | | |Reading |Read Ch. 10 of Macroeconomics. | | | |Reading |Read Ch. 12 of Macroeconomics. | | | |Participation |Participate in class discussion. |12/03/12 |3 | |Discussion Questions |Respond to weekly discussion questions. | | |Individual |Resource: Figure 3-1 in Ch. 3 of Mac roeconomics. |12/03/12 |15 | |Fundamentals of | | | | |Macroeconomics Paper |Part 1 | | | | | | | | | |Describe the following terms in your words. | | | | | | | | |Gross domestic product (GDP) | | | | |Real GDP | | | | |Nominal GDP | | | | |Unemployment rate | | | | |Inflation rate | | | |Interest rate | | | | | | | | | |Part 2 | | | | | | | | | |Consider the following examples of economic activities: | | | | | | | | | |Purchasing of groceries | | | | |Massive layoff of employees | | | | |Decrease in taxes | | | | | | | | | |Describe how each of these activities affects government, households, and businesses. | | | | |Describe the flow of resources from one entity to another for each activity. | | | | | | | | | |Write a 750- to 1,250-word paper summarizing the results. | | |Learning Team |Develop a list of resources you might use to gather historical economic data as well as |12/03/12 |3 | |Weekly Reflection |economic forecast data. | | | | | | | | | |Explain how and why each source is valuable and useful. | | | | | | | | | |Identify any quantitative or qualitative forecasting factors contained in the sources. | | | | | | | | |Discuss this week’s objectives with your team. Your discussion should include the topics you| | | | |feel comfortable with, any topics you struggled with, and how the weekly topics relate to | | | | |application in your field. | | | | | | | | | |Write a 350- to 700-word paper that details your team’s findings. | | | Week Three: Monetary Policy | | |Details |Due |Points | |Objectives | | | | | |Assess the factors contributing to the establishment of general and specific rates of | | | | |interest. | | | | |Explain the role of the Federal Reserve System in designing and implementing U. S. onetary | | | | |policies. | | | | |Analyze how the money multiplier effect facilitates the creation of money. | | | |Reading |Read Ch. 11 of Macroeconomics. | | | |Reading |Read Ch. 13 of Macroeconomics. | | | |Reading |Read Ch. 14 of Macroeconomics. | | | |Participation |Participate in class discussion. |12/10/12 |3 | |Discussion Questions |Respond to weekly discussion questions. | | |Learning Team |For this assignment, you will choose from the following options: |12/10/12 |14 | |Aggregate Demand and | | | | |Supply Models |Option 1: Economic Advisement Paper | | | | |Option 2: Economic Critique | | | | | | | | | |Read the instructions in the University of Phoenix Material: Aggregate Demand and Supply | | | | |Models located on the student website and select one option to complete the assignment. | | | |Learning Team |Discuss this week’s objectives with your team. Your discussion should include the topics you |12/10/12 |3 | |Weekly Reflection |feel comfortable with, any topics you struggled with, and how the weekly topics relate to | | | | |application in your field. | | | | | | | | | |Write a 350- to 700- word paper detailing the findings of your discussion. | | | |Week Four: Fiscal Policy – Politics, Deficits, and Debt | | Details |Due |Points | |Objectives | | | | | |Analyze the influence of deficit, surplus, and debt on the health of the U. S. macroeconomy. | | | |Reading |Read Ch. 17 of Macroeconomics. | | | |Reading |Read Ch. 18 of Macroeconomics. | | | |Participation |Participate in class discussion. |12/17/12 |3 | |Discussion Questions |Respond to weekly discussion questions. | | |Individual |Your boss has chosen you to give a presentation to a number of foreign officials regarding |12/17/12 |15 | |Federal Reserve |the United States Federal Reserve System. These officials are very interested in doing | | | |Presentation |busin ess in the United States, but they would like to learn more about the Fed, how it | | | | |operates and how its actions may affect their business. | | | | | | | | | |Develop a 5- to 10-slide Microsoft ® PowerPoint ® presentation. | | | | | | | | |Address the following questions and include a notes page which contains the write-up portion | | | | |to each question: | | | | | | | | | |What are the factors that would influence the Federal Reserve in adjusting the discount rate? | | | |How does the discount rate affect the decisions of banks in setting their specific interest | | | | |rates? | | | | |How does monetary policy control the money supply and inflation? | | | | |How does a stimulus program (through the money multiplier) affect the money supply? | | | | |What current indictors are evident that there is too much or too little money within the | | | | |economy and how is monetary policy aiming to adjust this? | | | | |How do the above factors impact individual businesses? | | |Learning Team |Discuss this week’s objectives with your team. Your discussion should include the topics you |12/17/12 |3 | |Weekly Reflection |feel comfortable with, any topics you struggled with, and how the weekly topics relate to | | | | |application in your field. | | | | | | | | | |Prepare a 350- to 700- word paper detailing the findings of your discussion. | | | Week Five: International Trade and Finance | | |Details |Due |Points | |Objectives | | | | | |Analyze the effects of international trade on the U. S. macroeconomy. | | | | |Explain how foreign exchange rates are determined. | | | | |Analyze the impact of trade restrictions, tariffs, and quotas on the U. S. macroeconomy. | | | |Reading |Read Ch. 19 of Macroeconomics. | | | |Reading |Read Ch. 20 of Macroeconomics. | | |Reading |Read Ch. 21 of Macroeconomics. | | | |Participation |Participate in class discussion. |01/07/13 |3 | |Discussion Questions |Respond to weekly discussion questions. | | | |Individual |Re sources: Macroeconomics |01/07/13 |15 | |Final Examination | | | | | |Click the link to the Final Examination on your student website. | | | | | | | | |Complete the Final Examination. You are allowed one attempt to complete the exam, which is | | | | |timed and must be completed in 3 hours. Results are auto graded and sent to your instructor. | | | | | | | | | |Note. Final Examination questions are adapted from Macroeconomics. | | | |Individual |Assume that you have been appointed as the Speaker of the House. You must deliver a speech |01/07/13 |10 | |International Trade and |about the current state of the U. S. macroeconomy to a number of amateur reporters who are | | | |Finance Speech |unfamiliar with economics. | | | | | | | | | |Prepare a 700- to 1,050-word speech in simple terms and concepts that focus on international | | | | |trade and foreign exchange rates. | | | | | | | | |Integrate a summary of your answers to the following questions and cite external research to| | | | |further justify your facts: | | | | | | | | | |What happens when there is a surplus of imports brought into the U. S.? Cite a specific | | | | |example of a product with an import surplus, and the impact that has on the U. S. businesses | | | | |and consumers involved. | | | | | | | | |What are the effects of international trade to GDP, domestic markets and university students? | | | | | | | | | |How do government choices in regards to tariffs and quotas affect international relations and| | | | |trade? | | | | | | | | |What are foreign exchange rates? How are they determined? | | | | | | | | | |Why doesn’t the U. S. simply restrict all goods coming in from China? Why can’t the U. S. just | | | | |minimize the amount of imports coming in from all other countries? | | | |Learning Team |Discuss within your Learning Team how and why the U. S. s deficit, surplus and debt have an |01/07/13 |7 | |Fiscal Policy Paper |effect on the following: | | | | | | | | | |Tax payers | | | | |Future Social Security and Medicare users | | | | |Unemployed individuals | | | | |University of Phoenix student | | | | |The United State’s financial reputation on an international level | | | | |A domestic automotive manufacturing (exporter) | | | | |An Italian clothing company (importer) | | | | |GDP | | | | | | | | | |Write a 500- to 700-word paper summarizing the results. | | | Optional Discussion Questions Week One Discussion Questions †¢ Why is economics considered a social science? W hat role does economics play in your personal and professional lives? †¢ What is the difference between real and nominal GDP? Does GDP accurately reflect the nation’s welfare? Why or why not? How can a country’s GDP be manipulated? In your opinion, is the U. S. GDP being manipulated? Explain your answer. †¢ What are the different types of unemployment? How do they affect the economy in terms of growth, labor force, and price of labor? Cite specific examples to support your response. Identify economic factors that affect the real GDP, the unemployment rate, the inflation rate, and a key interest rate. How do you predict the economy will perform in the next two years given the current state of two of the economic factors you identified? How might your organization be affected by these changes? Week Two Discussion Questions †¢ Explain the viewpoints of classical and Keynesian economists. How did the economy that existed at the time of these theories influen ce them? Which theory is more appropriate for the economy today? Why? †¢ Why do Keynesian economists believe market forces do not automatically adjust for unemployment and inflation? What is their solution for stabilizing economic fluctuations? Why do they believe changes in government spending affect the economy differently than changes in income taxes? †¢ In your opinion, which two determinates currently have the greatest impact on aggregate demand and supply? Justify your response with an example. †¢ What is the difference between contractionary and expansionary fiscal policies? Which is more appropriate today? Explain your answer. How might contractionary and expansionary fiscal policies affect your organization? Week Three Discussion Questions †¢ What are the uses of money? How do commercial banks and Federal banks create money? Is monetary policy conducted independently in the United States? Explain your answer. Is it important for monetary policy to remain independent from all parties? Why or why not? †¢ What is the difference between contractionary and expansionary monetary policy? What is the intention of each policy under a depression, recession, or robust economy? Which type of monetary policy is more appropriate today and why? †¢ What happens to the money supply, interest rates, and the economy if the Federal Reserve is a net seller of government bonds? What happens to the money supply, interest rates, and the economy if the Federal Reserve is a net buyer of government bonds. Why would the government implement a stimulus program into the economy? †¢ Rank the factors that contribute to the discount interest rate from most important to least important. Justify your rankings. Week Four Discussion Questions †¢ How does a government budget deficit affect the economy? Identify two periods in recent history in which the United States has run budget deficits. What were the reasons for the deficits during those time periods? †¢ How does a government budget surplus affect the U. S. economy? Identify two periods in recent history in which the United States has run budget surpluses. What were the reasons for the surpluses during those time periods? What are the potential consequences of a country having a large overall debt? If you were in the position to implement a solution for the country’s long-term debt, what would it be and why? †¢ What are the positive and negative aspects of budget deficits and surpluses? What policy is best for tod ay’s economy? Explain your answer. Week Five Discussion Questions †¢ Explain how foreign exchange rates are determined. How do changes in interest rates, inflation, productivity, and income affect exchange rates? What are the advantages and disadvantages of a weak versus a strong dollar for imports, exports, international and domestic markets? †¢ Who benefits from a tariff or quota? Who loses? Why would domestic markets benefit from protectionist trade policies? How do protectionist trade policies affect a government’s wealth and fiscal policy? †¢ What is the effect of a trade surplus? What is the effect of a trade deficit? How do trade deficits and surpluses affect the industry in which you work? †¢ Why are trade agreements important for the various countries involved? How is international trade related to the U. S. standard of living as opposed to the standard of living of a small industrial nation or a developing nation? How does international trade affect a country’s standard of living? What impact does it have on the way Americans live life, spend, consume, and so on.? How to cite Economy: Monetary Policy and Read Ch., Essay examples

Flowers for Algernon Essay free essay sample

This change Is from a surgery that he had to make him extremely smart. He wanted the surgery especially to get more friends. He felt that If he was very smart he would gain much more friends. This surgery was a successful for a period of time. It began to wear off a few months after he had It. At the end of the book, Charlie knew things that he didnt know before. He did intellectually At the beginning and end of the book, he was two different people.Also, this ending seemed quite glum and tragic. One way that Charlie has changed from the beginning to the end of the book his ability to remember things increased. At the beginning of the book his memory was not very good at all. At the beginning of the book he said, His name is Burt. I forgot his last name because I dont remember so good. We will write a custom essay sample on Flowers for Algernon Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page At the end of the book, when the surgery had worn off, he could remember things more easily. He knew he had done something great for science, but he Just couldnt remember exactly what he had done.But, he said, Then all of a sudden I remembered some things about the operation and me getting smart and I said holy smokes I rely pulled a Charlie Gordon that time. He also remembered Algerian, and that Algerian had died. Not only could Charlie remember better, but he also had an increase in knowledge from the beginning of the book. Another way that Charlie has changed from the beginning of the book to the end, is that he also had an increase in intelligence. Charlie could think for himself better that he could before.He realized that the bakery was not the place for him to be. He also realized that the Warren State Training School was a better place for him rather than the Warren Home school. Charlie could also feel emotions more than he could before. These were all signs that his Intelligence had Increased. In the book, Charlie said, I know everybody feels sorry for me at the bakery and I dont want the theater so Im going someplace where they are a lot of pull like me and nobody cares that Charlie Gordon was once a genus and now he cant even reed a book or rite good. You can also tell that Charlie can feel emotions better because he said, Thats not true but. I still love her and I still want to be smart but I had to say that so she wood go away. He can think for himself much better than before the surgery. Even though al of these good things have happened, I believe that the ending was very tragic. Charlie had some good, and maybe even great, things happen to him after the surgery had worn off, but still think that the ending of this book is quite tragic.I think this because he said that, L still want to be smart Many people are still mean to him too. HIS one true love Is heartbroken now. He still loves her too, but he knows It wont really work. I dont think that Charlie Is happier than before the surgery, because he knows what it was like to be really smart, and then he had it Hough Charlie will be happy, I dont think he is better off there. All of these reasons are why I think Charlie is a different person from the beginning to the end of the book and that the ending is sad. Charlie is different because he can remember more things, and he is more intelligent. This ending is tragic because Charlie still wants to be smart, and he is put in a place where he is not better rather than being at the Warren Home school. Overall, this was a good and exciting book. I got hooked on this book very early on. I would definitely recommend this book for someone.

Othello Masterpiece Essays - Othello, English-language Films

Othello Masterpiece In all of Shakespeare's great novels there are many experiences, tragic or otherwise that one can learn from. Shakespeare's novel Othello is not an exception this rule. Throughout Othello there are many examples of mistakes made by the characters that a reader can learn from. Learning from the flaws of others is one way that one can learn form Shakespeare's Othello. In the novel Othello there are many of these flaws throughout the story. There are many ways one can learn from the novel Othello. The major theme throughout Othello is that a man named Othello has made the mistake of letting his emotions get in the way of his reasoning. In the novel the main character Othello is a intelligent, well educated, worldly man that should not have let his emotions get the best of him. This is one example of a learning experience that is brought up in Othello that illustrates how one should not let emotions overpower reasoning. The theme throughout Othello seems to be that the wise Othello has let his emotions get the best of him. A character named Iago has stirred up Othello's emotions. Iago was shown throughout the novel telling Othello lies about his wife and friends. Othello started to see this as the truth. Othello was seemingly brain washed by Iago, into believing that his wife was unfaithful and his friends had betrayed him. This is another example of a learning experience that was brought forth in the novel Othello. The tragic flaw that Othello possessed was the combination of these two flaws. This is what Shakespeare seems to express as the most important moral experience that occurred in Othello. The combination of emotions such as jealousy and distrust made Othello make harsh decisions based purely on emotion. These emotions were brought on by the character Iago forcing his lies on to Othello. Shakespeare shows through these experience not just Othello's flaws but one of mans own tragic flaws. Another less major flaw that was Shakespeare brought forward in his novel Othello was the issue of rushing into things. Othello and Desdemona rushing into marriage illustrate this. This again is an example of emotion. The act of eloping seems to be done when the two are in the heat of passion. Again Othello has let his emotions get the best of him. In Shakespeare's Othello, there are many examples of mistakes made because of raw emotions. Othello has many faults that are shown throughout the course of the novel. Although Othello seems to have many of these faults his major fault is that he lets his emotions get the best of him. Shakespeare explores the way that emotions get the best of people in his play. The major learning experienced throughout the play is that one must control ones emotions. Shakespeare shows that even a seemingly great man such as Othello can let emotions dictate what he is going to do. This is what one can learn from Othello.

The Voyage of the Dawn Treader essays

The Voyage of the Dawn Treader essays The Voyage of the 'Dawn Treader' was written by C.S. Lewis, it was pulished by HarperTrophy, in the U.S. in 1955 and reprinted in 1983. The book has 216 pages and is a novel of fiction and adventure. The story begins with Lucy and Edmund staying at their aunt and uncle's house. Their cousin Eustance, who they did not get along with at all, was always ordering them around and never leaving them alone. One afternoon when Edmund and Lucy finally did catch a moment alone they began to talk of Narnia, their own secret world which they had visited twice before. In Lucy's room they looked at the picture on the wall above Lucy's bed, it was of a s a Narnian ship, the 'Dawn Treader' and they longed to be on it. Just then Eusance walked into the room and began to tease them about Narnia, and suddenly, they began to shrink. Lucy and Edmond knew what was happening but Eustance didn't . A few moments after, they were drowning in the water beside the 'Dawn Treader'. On board the ship, they found the prince of Narnia- Caspian. He gave them warm clothes and introduced them to his crew. Then he explained to them why they ( Prince Caspian and his crew) were there: "A longtime ago as a child my usurping uncle Miraz got rid of seven friends of my father's (who might have taken my part)by sending them off to explore the unknown Eastern Seas beyond the Lone Islands......on my coronation day , with Aslan's approval, I swore an oath that, if once I had established peace in Narnia, I would sail east myself for a year and a day to find my father's friends or to learn of their deaths, and avenge them if I could." The remainder of the book tells of they different obstacles that the group meet on their travels, on the Dawn Treader, and each obstacle is an adventure. I enjoyed reading about their many encounters for example- when they reach the Island of vo ...

Technological Innovation Systems and National Performance Essay

Technological Innovation Systems and National Performance - Essay Example This research tells that different country to show varied attention to the integration of technology within their development framework. However, contemporary research shows that there exists a direct relationship between the development of a country and the level of attention that it awards to it innovation system. Evidently, technology influences the efficiency of a country's productive activities, which in turn influences the development of a country. However, critics point out that investment in technological systems is a great expense for countries and this amount can be used for direct development. The argument is that countries that over-invest in the technology end up exhausting valuable resources that would have been used in other areas of development. From a critical point of view, innovation in technology is an expense for a country in the short-term but has many benefits in the long-term. A comparison of countries such as UK, US Germany, and Japan points out technological innovations systems has great value for any country. In this light, a difference in technology innovation systems leads to the difference in long-term performance in the world. The concept of technological innovation within countries is a topic that has generated a lot of attention in the current century. As global research bodies such as the OECD investigate the cause for global economic difference within countries, technology innovation has become a central point of focus. Innovations refer to the ability of a country to integrate technology within its infrastructure in an approach to streamline its economic operations. Evidently, different countries have shown the different level of commitment to technological development. Notably, theorists point out that the development of an economy can be measured by the amount of technology that a country has adopted within its operations. The concept of technology is historical but gained roots in the 20th century after the 1930s global re cession. At this time, countries awakened to the reality of the worst economic depression and there was pressure for countries to emerge from this crisis. At the same time, technology became a well-defined concept as different countries discovered the need to use technology to streamline their development plans.

Memo Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 4

Memo - Essay Example This will determine and provide them of an informed decision regarding the Bartkowicz case. The federal government through the comprehensive Drug Abuse and Prevention and Control Act of 1970 banned the import, cultivation and distribution of illicit drugs and placed marijuana together with heroine in schedule I as non acceptable for medical use but potential for abuse according to the federal bureau of justice statistics(1992). On the other hand, the state of Colorado through an amendment in November 2000 passed a legislation that legalized medical use of marijuana in treating cancer, HIV/AIDS, severe nausea and other diseases though with restrictions (Department of public health and environment, 2010). This piece of legislation contravenes the federal law which does not acknowledge marijuana as useful medication. In Colorado, patients and caregivers enroll in state medical marijuana registry and are issued with registry identification card by the state health agency in order to be allowed to use marijuana. But they can possess no more than two ounces of usable form marijuana and not more than six marijuana plants per patient. Bartkowicz had 12 patients’ certificates and cultivated more than 200 plants which clearly mean a violation of the state law as well as federal law prohibiting possession of more than 100 plants. Besides, the patient certificates are confidential and are kept by the state health agency. Furthermore, the article quotes him as having bragged about his profits and ability to operate a grow house without detection. Thus, he was not cultivating marijuana for medical purposes but sells it for a profit. Clearly contravening the law through drug trafficking. Operating within 1000 ft of a school or playground is also among the provisions punishable by federal law. Concurrently, the Colorado law prohibits use of marijuana in a place open to general

ECONOMICS FOR BUSINESS DECISIONS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

ECONOMICS FOR BUSINESS DECISIONS - Essay Example This step will open the doors of new ecommerce marketplaces as well as improve the market efficiency of the company. Disintermediation – The utilization of ecommerce marketplaces and elimination of intermediary elements of the preexisting value chain is disintermediation and disintermediation offers reduced sales as well as procurement costs for company as well as costumers (Booz, Allen 6). It also speeds up the whole process. CPC is now well established company and has a good value in B2B ecommerce marketplaces. Since, it has figured out and implemented all the necessary steps that are discovered by Booz-Allen during their research this company now has achieved great value parameters. But now the company has the challenge to sustain its value in coming time and for maintain its current value CPC should have to continuously work on its online visibility and its online ecommerce platform. While analyzing the website of the company we can say that CPC should pay some more attention to its website and discover new marketplaces. It will definitely increase its value. So, there are always the chances that a company can increase its current value. a) Suppose you are in this situation only once. You and your competitor have to announce your individual outputs at the same time. You expect your competitor to choose the Nash equilibrium strategy. How much will you choose to produce and what is your expected profit? Because there exists a symmetry (for own as well as competitor’s firm), in equilibrium condition both the outputs will exhibit same value. Hence we can substitute Qj with Qi* (James Brickley,  Clifford Smith,  Jerold Zimmerman 9-8). Combined output = 40 (given) hence tag price = 20 and profit = 400, for both of the firms. The analysis given here reveals that we should choose to produce 20 entities given that our competitor is following Nash

Nokias Marketing Strategy

Nokias Marketing Strategy Marketing is typically seen as the task of creating, promoting, and delivering goods and services to consumers and businesses (Kortler, 2005). Marketing is about stimulating demand for a companys products. Is this sense, marketing can be defined as the art of selling products. However in the modern economies, marketing is more than selling. According to Peter Drucker, a leading management theorist, the aim of marketing is to know and understand the customer so well that the product or the service fits him and sells itself. In this respect, the focus of marketing shifts from convincing people to buy a companys products to discovering the needs of the people and designing products that satisfy these needs. Thus marketing activities should result in customer who is ready to buy. At this point all that is needed is to make the right product available to consumers. A company that is going to be successful in the market place will be that company that will correctly discover the needs of c onsumers and produce products that satisfy them. This is what is called right product based on careful marketing research. Based on the above, marketing is well explained by the definition provided by the American Marketing Association. Thus marketing is defined as the process of planning and executing conception, pricing, promotion, and distribution of ideas, goods and services to create exchanges that satisfy individual and organizational goals. Marketing deals with identifying and meeting human and social needs. Indeed marketing can be defined as simply meeting needs profitably. Marketing is an organizational function and a set of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its stakeholders. It is the art and science of choosing target markets and getting, keeping Marketing management is the art and science of choosing target markets and getting, keeping, and growing customers through creating, delivering, and communicating superior customer value. It is the conscious effort to achieve desired exchange outcomes with target markets. MARKETING STRATEGY A companys marketing strategy will be influenced by the chosen target market and the marketing philosophy being practiced by the management. Target Markets A single company or product can rarely satisfy everyone in a market. People have different tastes and preferences. People differ in terms of age, gender, beliefs, income, religion, and location. All these factors have a bearing on the products that appeal to them. Therefore, marketers must start by dividing or segmenting the market. A company must identify and profile distinct groups of buyers who might prefer or require varying product and services mixes. A companys marketing strategy should target that segment that promises the greatest opportunity. The developed market offering is then positioned in the minds of the target buyers as delivering some central benefits. Marketing Orientations or philosophies A marketing philosophy is an orientation or principle that guides a companys marketing activities or efforts. It defines the relative weights that are given to the interests of the organization, the customers, and the society. It is imperative that marketing activities be carried out under well thought out philosophy of efficiency, effectiveness, and social responsibility (Kortler, 2005). Organizations can conduct their marketing activities under different marketing philosophies. They include: the production concept, the product concept, the selling concept, the marketing concept, and holistic marketing concept. Production concept This concept holds that consumers will prefer products that are widely available and inexpensive. Such a business will concentrate on achieving high production efficiency, low costs, and mass distribution. The assumption is that consumers are primarily interested in product availability and low prices. This orientation is more often applied in developing countries, where it is assumed, consumers are more interested in obtaining the product than its features. However with the rapid globalization and more informed consumers, this philosophy is rapidly loosing its meaning. Product concept Product concept holds that consumers will favor those products that offer the most quality, performance, or innovative features. Managers in these organizations focus on making superior products and improving them over time. The assumption is that buyers admire well made products and can evaluate quality and performance. Companies that are product oriented believe that their engineers exceptional products that will meet customer expectations. Normally no customer input is sought and competition is not a consideration. This is a make and sell philosophy that does not focus on the customer. Selling concept The selling concept holds that consumers and businesses, if left alone, will not buy enough of the organizations products. Aggressive selling and promotion effort is needed to make sales. According to this concept, consumers typically show buying inertia or resistance and therefore must be coaxed into buying. Money is spent on television and radio advertising, posters, mailings. The selling concept is ideal for unsought goods, goods that buyers normally do not think of buying. Companies that are experiencing overcapacity also engage in aggressive marketing techniques. Their aim is to sell what they make rather than make what the market wants. Marketing concept This is a customer centered philosophy. Instead of hunting for customers, marketing is seen as gardening. The task is not to find the right customers for the company products but the right products for the target customers. According to this concept, the key to achieving organizational goals consists of the company being more effective than competitors in creating, delivering, and communicating superior customer value to its chosen target markets. The marketing philosophy is preoccupied with the idea of satisfying the needs of the customer by means of the product and the whole cluster of things associated with creating, delivering and finally consuming it. The customer is the king. The marketing concept rests on four pillars: target market, customer needs, integrated marketing, and profitability. Companies do best when they choose their target markets carefully and prepare tailored marketing programs. Nokia has segmented its market in six regions; Africa, Asia Pacific, Europe, Latin America, Middle East, and North America. Each region has unique needs addressed by the company in terms of product quality, features, pricing, and durability. Customer concept This involves shaping separate offers, services, and messages to individual customers. The company is forced to collect information on each customers past transactions, demographics, psychographics, and media and distribution preferences. They hope to achieve profitable growth through capturing a larger share of each customers expenditures by building a higher customer loyalty and focusing on customer lifetime value. Societal marketing concept This concept holds that the organizations task is to determine the needs, wants, and interests of target markets and to deliver the desired satisfaction more effectively and efficiently than competitors in a way that preserves or enhances the consumers and the societys well being. It requires marketers to build social and ethical considerations into their marketing practices. In the modern world that is faced with environmental deterioration, water pollution, resource shortages, hunger, poverty, explosive population, and mushrooming slums, marketing practices should consider the long term benefit of the society or public. COMPANY PROFILE Nokia is the world leader in mobility, driving the transformation and growth of the converging internet and communications industries. The company has operations in Africa, Asia Pacific, Europe, Latin America, Middle East, and North America. In brief the company has a world wide presence. Nokia began as a paper mill company dealing in paper, rubber, and cables in 1865 in South Western, Finland. The company changed to Nokia Corporation in 1968 and positioned itself for a pioneering role in the early evolution of mobile communications. The period 1992 to 2000 experienced a boom in mobile phone use. Nokia made this sector as its core business. By the turn of the century, Nokia had become the world leader in mobile phones. Vision Nokia is a consumer led company. There is a progressive and continuous increase in consumer involvement with technology and communications globally. People are broadening their modes of communication to include the web and, social networks are becoming central to how people communicate. People want to be truly connected, independent of time and place, in a way that is very personal to them. And Nokias promise is to connect people in new and better ways. Strategy Nokias strategy is to build trusted consumer relationships by offering compelling and valued consumer solutions that combine beautiful devices with context enriched services. Corporate Business Development The Nokia Corporate Business Development has the responsibility to manage Nokias Strategic growth areas. Their aim is to look for breakthrough ideas that are industry shakers. These are innovative business concepts and technologies that integrate with and expand beyond Nokia core business. Nokia aims to connect people with new services that are meaningful to them and offer greater benefits by enabling more transactions on the device. New services stem from the local needs of consumers and local expertise. Marketing strategy in place The company heavily depends on advertising and promotion activities to popularize its products. In addition, the company through its research unit is continuously involved in searching for product features that meet the evolving needs of diverse customers. There are different types of Nokia phones in the market ranging from a cheaper to expensive models. The aim is to satisfy the needs of diverse markets. Advertising Program Advertising is any paid form of non personal presentation and promotion of ideas, goods, or services by an identified sponsor. It is important to start by identifying the target market and buyer motives. An advertising program has five components: mission, money, message, media, and measurement. Advertising objectives must flow from prior decisions on target market, market positioning, and marketing mix. Advertising objectives may be to inform, persuade, remind, or reinforce. OVERAL BUSINESS STRATEGY A strategy is the direction and scope of an organization over a long term, which achieves advantage for the organization through its configuration of resources within a changing environment to the needs of markets and fulfill stakeholder expectations. This is the highest strategy level. It is concerned with overall purpose and scope of the firm (Jelassi and Enders, 2009). Corporate strategy addresses issues such as allocation of resources, acquisition, and products to produce. Marketing strategies of the firm are meant to contribute to the realization of the corporate objectives. Incorporating the global environment into marketing planning Business and competition is increasingly taking a global perspective. Goods manufactured in foreign countries are easily finding markets in distant countries thanks to the improved means of communication and transport. Use of e-business in marketing management Marketing activities can now be conducted online. Customers are able to determine the type of merchadize they require on the internet. Communication between suppliers and customers can be done via the internet. CONCLUSION Nokia has adopted the Marketing philosophy or orientation in its marketing activities. The company has also produced a variety of cell phones to meet the diverse market needs. The company has a strong research department that is charged with the responsibility of determining the consumer needs and finding innovative products to meet those needs.

The Alamo Essay -- History Texas Essays

The Alamo "To the people of Texas and all Americans in the World: I shall never surrender or retreat ... I Am determined to sustain myself as long as possible and die like a soldier who never forgets what it is due to his honor and that of his country-VICTORY OR DEATH." This was a letter sent by William Barret Travis during the siege of the Alamo on February 24, 1836. It was a cry for help to anybody and everybody willing to listen. It all started in 1830 with Stephen Austin, a leader of American pioneers in the wild, living in Texas, under the rule of the Mexican government, who had solved two major problems that the settlers had with the government. The colonist were now allowed to keep slaves in Texas, even though no other areas under Mexican rule owned slaves, and the second was the government made sure that Texans would be protected by the Mexican government from suits to collect debts that they had contracted in the United States before their immigration to Texas. All over the South were signs on bankrupt homes homes saying "Gone to Texas" were they did not have to pay off their debts . Austin and his followers were very hot tempered and ready to start up with any government that they disliked. They soon found a chance to stir up trouble under the changeable Mexican rule. Mexican authorities began to worry that too many Americans were coming into their country. About thirty thousand settlers came to Texas in a ten-year span after Austin had established his settlement. The Mexican government under the urging of President Bustamante made harsh laws against arrival of new immigrants into Texas in 1830. Trade was also restricted with America. All borders were closed to newcomers but the Louisiana border could not be patrolled and settlers continued to arrive in Texas. American settlers were put into jail for the ruckus they caused due to these new laws, among them was Stephen Austin. On July 1833 Austin traveled to Mexico City to plead the cause of the colonists. The colonists wanted to obtain full Mexican statehood and have total control over themselves. Mexican officials would not listen to the Texans. On his way home Austin was arrested for treason on January 3, 1834. The government had intercepted a letter from Austin that said that if his appeal had failed the Texans should establish themselves as a separate state of Mexico. He was j... ...their might charging at the enemy screaming " Remember the Alamo". Their incentive in winning was the one hundred and eighty deaths at the Alamo. This inner strength that they obtained from the defeat at the Alamo helped the others defeat the Mexicans and finally win their freedom from the yolk of the Mexican government and eventually being accepted as the twenty-eighth state in the United States of America. But the acceptance would not come easily. They had problems being accepted due to the fact that the ownership of slaves was considered all right in Texas but the North did not want to accept more slave states. Eventually on February 19, 1846 they were accepted as a state. I never really knew what it was before this and was always wondering why it was such an important event in Texan history. The one thing that confuses me is why the State of Texas would choose a war that they were totally destroyed in as an event that is considered greater than most other events throughout Texan history. But for one thing I truly admire Travis and his followers for fighting to the death like heroes in order to establish freedom and their rights they believed that in all truth deserved.